Globalization Has Incresed A Rise Human Trafficking - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 899 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/04/22 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Globalization Essay Human Trafficking Essay Did you like this example? Although the global integration of economics and politics has played a vital role in expanding communication and facilitating the union of many cultural and social movements, it has also cultivated an environment where organized crime can flourish. One of these being the buying and selling of humans for labor, marriage, sex, child soldiers and the harvesting of organs. Generating around 150 billion dollars worldwide, human trafficking in one the largest international crime industries. According to The International Labour Organization there has been an estimated 40.3 million victims of trafficking in 2018 thus far. Globalization has inexplicably created a rise in illicit trade by increasing the economic and demographic inequalities between the underdeveloped and developed countries. Remote parts of the world are now being integrated into the rest of the economy creating an incentive for people to search for work elsewhere. Simultaneously, large corporations are searching outside of their own economies for ways around labor laws and limitations, thus creating a powerful concurrence of factors that allows trafficking to be easily accessible and extremely profitable. According to the U.S Department of Labor, 148 goods imported into the United States this year were made by enslaved children. Global trade has become a guise for modern-day slavery. A narrative of new opportunity for others and more economic efficiency has been fed to those of us with the privilege to believe it, allowing companies and corporations to take advantage of developing countries and not be held responsible. Human trafficking is an attractive market for criminals in this economic environment because humans, unlike drugs, can be sold repeatedly over time. They generate high profits and are in large demand all while the facilitators face minimal risks in most places. Among trafficking victims, 75% are women and girls used for sexual exploitation and forced labor. This dispropor tionally large number can be attributed to a number of factors including denial of property rights and political participation as well as limited access to education and economic rights. This lack of investment in women and girls has sustained a feminization of poverty throughout the world and continued to increase the risk of victimization. Often lured in by promises of money or freedom in the United States, women are tricked into dangerous environments, and without the resources to find help, stay there and become recruiters themselves. The victim turned perpetrator storyline is growing and has become more glamourized in recent years. It is commonly believed that this epidemic is the problem of foreign countries and not our own, but this could not be further from the truth. Although the United States does not disclose exact statistics due to privacy laws and policies, The National Human Trafficking Hotline has received 14,117 calls and verified 5,147 cases this year. The major ity of which were women of color for sexual exploitation in California, Texas, and Florida. This epidemic is happening in our backyards and growing rapidly yet too often goes unnoticed because it does not fit popular media images of what victims look like. Movies, tv shows, and popular news stories tend to depict whitewashed versions of victims and discounts the fact that women of color have always faced these types of exploitation. Also, these women and girls are often persecuted by structures such as the foster care system or welfare state before they are victimized by trafficking making it difficult to identify those being held against their will. Countries, including the United States, have attempted to combat human trafficking by increasing legal labor mobility, implementing training and prevention programs, and pushing for greater public awareness but corruption and bribery are rampant. Organized crime groups use these tactics to create ties with politicians, police offici als, and border patrol agencies. Few countries see human trafficking as important as combating drugs or other forms of international crime and fail to allocate the necessary resources to fight it. Ultimately though, it is the lack of harmonized global legislation that has prevented any real progress. Without cohesive regulations and laws to hold countries accountable, this cycle of slavery and abuse will continue. The lack of attention and urgency to respond to such a large and terrifying epidemic cannot be explained without looking at it through the prism of historic misogyny and sexism throughout the globe. If it were men being impacted at such high rates there might be more of a push to find a solution but the reality is that human trafficking stems from power structures that have always neglected women, especially those of color. The normalization of womens oppressions has cultivated an environment where women can be enslaved and abused all over the world and until society i s able to move away from that narrative it will continue to see this occur. Human trafficking is the fastest growing crime organization in the world. The allowance of free-flowing capital has inadvertently increased access to minority women and girls and created a capitalistic sphere where humans are assigned a monetary value. Moral panic and ineffective directive are not enough to combat and correct the intimate and frightening relationship between globalization and trafficking. It is with the same rapid communication and global integration that has created this environment that also has the ability to disassemble it. Steps must be taken to hold leaders and politicians accountable. We must move away from the idea that this is a taboo concept that is not suitable for conversation and start giving it the attention it requires. ? Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Globalization Has Incresed A Rise Human Trafficking" essay for you Create order

Native American Poverty A Social Problem - 2396 Words

Abstract Native American poverty is a social problem in the United States. For historic, political, sociocultural, and economic reasons, this issue affects not only those impoverished but American society as a whole. The most impoverished Native American communities are frequently within the boundaries of reservations. The rates of unemployment, low wages, and infant mortality are among the highest in the country on several reservations. Disease, mental illness, alcoholism, and fetal alcohol syndrome are also prevalent within the Native American population. To improve these conditions, strategies should be put into place to build stable economies in the otherwise isolated reservations. Native American Poverty in the Current Socioeconomic Climate Poverty Definition To many Americans, poverty is merely a synonym for ‘not rich’. Even those who understand the definition may struggle with the concept that poverty is not a distant, foreign, concern; poverty can occur in any country, region, neighborhood, and household. In a study performed by Carroll et al, 60% of respondents agreed or strongly agreed with the statement â€Å"poor people are poor because of laziness and lack of will power (2011, p. 116). In the same questionnaire, 77% of respondents felt most poor people have the ability to escape poverty without government assistance (Carroll et al, 2011, p. 117). As above facts show, despite the widespread nature of this issue those not living in poverty often haveShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Sherman Alexie s A Native American Activist 862 Words   |  4 PagesPoverty Inside-in-Out of â€Å"This is What it Means to Say Phoenix, Arizona† Many underprivileged groups such as, African Americans, Native Americans, Hispanics, just to name a few, often struggle to flourish within society due to lack of resources and lose their identity in assumption of their â€Å"inadequacy†. 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E.L Doctorows Ragtime free essay sample

Examines theme of oppression (racial, economic, sexual, political) in this satirical novel. This study will examine the theme of oppression in E.L. Doctorows satirical novel Ragtime, and the suggestion that art is one way to transcend such oppression. The book is, in fact, a compendium of the economic, racial, sexual, social, political, artistic and spiritual oppression of Americans and immigrants to America in the early years of the twentieth century. Most of the characters, historical, invented, or a combination of both, are not aware of the oppression which shapes and misshapes their lives. Whether victims or victimizers, most of Doctorows characters move through their lives oblivious as sleepers to the dismal reality in which they dwell. The American culture as pictured by Doctorow is a thoroughly oppressive realm where only artists seem to have any idea what is going on, what is wrong, and what can be done to escape that wrong if not to make it. We will write a custom essay sample on E.L Doctorows Ragtime or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page .

Information Systems & Strategy Management for Volga University

Question: Describe about the PESTEL Framework, Porters Five Forces Model and Analysis of potential contribution of Information systems to operations of Volga University? Answer: Introduction The UK Universities are facing several challenges pertaining to funding of higher education, recruitment of overseas students and deciding upon the fee structures for the courses. In the light of several regulatory, economic and technology challenges faced by the university, adequate application of Information systems and Information technology may do wonders in terms of efficient management and growth of these Universities. This report presents information systems and strategy management analysis of a fictitious University named Volga University. The Volga University is supposedly based in the Britain land offering specialized courses to the domestic as well as the International students in the management studies field. PESTEL Framework for Volga University The understanding of the PESTEL framework for the Volga University would enable environmental scanning to the education institute that would help us in devising appropriate strategies for the management and operations of the University. Political Impact Tighter rules on student immigration has made the student entry requirements more stringent, negatively affecting the admission in the University. The Government of UK imposing additional burden on the University for Education Courses has made the courses expensive.Economic Impact The increased competition from the Private Universities across UK and around the globe is attracting lesser students to Volga University, impacting imbalance in the economies of scale. This is also further impacting the addition in the fee structure of the courses offered at the University The impact of the major economic down turn of 2009- 2010, along with budget cuts to the education sector by the UK government has resulted in lesser demand for the education courses offered. Social Impact The rising popularity of the Information Technology enabled courses is anticipating huge changes in the methods and ways of how management courses are offered in the University. The effective management of cross-cultural diversity between the students from varied backgrounds has become extremely necessary with changing times. Technological Impact The adoption of latest technology applications for supporting the education courses is been demanded by majority of the students. The Web based communities, forums and social networking platforms are bringing all the international students on a common platform, facilitating enhanced knowledge sharing and networking between the students. The Wi-Fi-enabled campuses and e-connectivity between the students and the professors of the institute has facilitated effectiveness in the functioning of the University. Environmental Impact Volga University has initiated exclusive cycle tracks across the campus of the university. The petrol/diesel run vehicles are banned inside the campus. This small act of the management has contributed towards the reduction of carbon foot prints in its own way. Legal Impact The change in the education policy with the change in the legal requirements is a threat that Volga University has to undergo. Porters Five Forces Model for Volga University Each of the Porters five forces has been applied to the existing setup of the Volga University that offers several courses in the management study stream. Rivalry among the Existing Competitors The intensity of competition among the existing Universities in UK is very high due to increasing demographic challenges and increased competition from the overseas universities. The Government policy for the education institutes is also becoming stringent, widening the intensity of competition between the existing universities in UK. Bargaining Power of Suppliers The Funding bodies to the education institutes, technology support enablers as well as all the support service facilitators including the instructors and professors are part of the suppliers of the University of Volga. Their Bargaining power is observed to be considerably low in comparison to the bargaining power of students, who are the prominent consumers of education. Bargaining Power of Buyers The Bargaining power of Buyers (that is the students) is very high for the Volga University. The students have ample of options to pursue their higher education, and with technological advancement, there are several web learning services as well. Further, the variables such as tuition fees, duration of courses, technology support to the courses etc. influence this factor. Threat of the new entrants The unfavorable government policies for the higher education sector, since past five years in the UK province, makes the possible threat from new entrants severely bleak. Threat of the substitute products There is no substitution for Higher education. The e-learning courses, may be ad-on to the University Degrees, however they cannot match the market value attracted by a University Degree Course. Strategic Context and Strategic challenges observed from the study The overall observations and study of the PESTLE framework and the Porters five forces analysis suggests that the last five years have been very challenging for UK universities, including the Volga University. The following areas have to be improvised by the Volga University as per the observations, study and analysis of the Volga University in strategic context: 1. Strengthening of the overall brand image of Volga University and establishing a focused corporate communications plan- Adequate concentration on public relations, media publicity and overall promotion activities of the University, would help Volga University build and maintain a strong Brand Image in the International education Industry, which would highly assist the growth strategy of the University. 2. Concentrating on Strategies and techniques for improvisation in the Sales and Marketing Plan of the Volga University- Adequate techniques for improvisation in the customer relationship management, would add efficiency to the University. Also handling the student enquiries and promoting the Universitys outreach are the further challenges that the university would have to handle. 3. Achieving Technological Innovation in terms of integration of technology and advanced Information systems in the educational courses offered by the University- Utilization of adequate technology support for the on campus courses offered by the University is the need of the hour. Usage of technology facilitates effective learning for the various courses offered as well as becomes cost effective in terms of lesser administrative work for managing the courses. Utilization of Information systems for offering more distance education courses may also be used as a strategic move by the University to face competition in the education industry. Applicability and Usefulness of Porters Value Chain Analysis The Porters value chain analysis would present the activities and functionalities for the Volga University that will be responsible for generating Value to the University in achieving its core competency of delivering Higher education in the management stream. The Following are the elements of the value chain model for Volga University. The Primary Value Chain activities would comprise of the following- 1. Inbound Logistics- This would involve the overall relations with the suppliers of education materials and education infrastructure for the University. This includes course preparation development, curriculum planning, procuring specific hardware tools for learning, etc. 2. Operations- All the operations related to course development would be included in this variable. This would include editing and formation of the study material, allocating resources to the courses, making time tables, etc. 3. Outbound Logistics- Providing web access to the registered students, mail Liaoning with all the stake holders, delivering the right education to right students, etc. would be a part of Outbound Logistics activities for the Volga University. 4. Marketing and Sales activities The promotional activities for reaching maximum students would be a part of Sales and Marketing activities for the University. These would include all web advertising and print advertising activities. Merchandise marketing in terms of distributing University logo pens to the enrolled students, would also be a part of marketing activities for Volga University. 5. Services delivered Coaching the enrolled students for their respective enrolled courses, conducting periodic assessments and test, facilitating with adequate learning support services and learning infrastructure, would be a part of services delivered by Volga University. The secondary activities would comprise of the following- 1. Procurement- Acquisition of educational resources from respective suppliers would be a part of procurement activities for the University. 2. Human Resource Management The HR functions of selection, recruitment, development, motivation, appraisal and rewarding of the teaching as well as administrative staff of the Volga University would be a part of the HR management activity. 3. Technological Development- Technological development would include provision of technology based learning tools in class rooms and campuses, installation of Wi-Fi services for accessing free internet and facilitating students with advance learning applications is a part of the Technological development activity of the University. 4. Infrastructure The Physical instate of art infrastructure of the Campus, including the well maintained classrooms, library, canteen, corridors and laboratories along with electronic infrastructure would comprise a prominent facility of the University. The Value chain Analysis is indeed useful for analyzing the capabilities and competencies of the educational institutes and Universities and helps in rightly identifying the loop holes in functional activities of a business unit. The Value chain Analysis has thus acted as a tool in directing towards the strategic planning and management of the functional activities of the Volga University. Analysis of potential contribution of Information systems to operations of Volga UniversityAccording to the observations and analysis, Volga University has an impeccable potential to develop in the areas of e-learning support services and may also offer distance learning education courses as well as examinations to its students. This step towards adaptation of technological aids and information systems would enable convenience and ease to the students in their educational journey. Moreover, this would also add to the popularity of the University among the domestic as well as international students. Adapting to the latest ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning Systems) would also be beneficial for the Volga University as its will help the University synchronize and update its activities on a real time basis. This adoption to latest information systems would link the entire campus of Volga University in to a single screen application. This would be indeed useful for strengthening the competencies of the courses offered by the University. Conclusion The globalization and technological advancements have eventually evolved as the key variables controlling the growth and direction of the educational universities and several education institutes. Technology undoubtedly offers convenience and ease to the students who are opting for educational services. Moreover adoption to some of the latest Information systems such as the Enterprise Resource Planning Systems would enable the University to function more efficiently and transparently. This better control and management over the activities of the University would benefit the Organization in the longer run. Thus the best method to fight the lack of government support in the education landscape of UK would be to improvise on the Universitys core competency by adopting latest technology and information systems to strength the internal activities. References Aksu Jumhur, Riza Ali, Reynolds Kenneth, Kursun Olcay, 2012, The Role of Information technology in Higher Education, Retrieved on February 3, 2015, from https://silkroad.ibsu.edu.ge/previous/fourth/8_02.pdf Daniel Elizabeth, 2008, Delivering benefits from information systems and information technology investments: a collaborative research program, The Open University Business School, Retrieved on February 3, 2015, from https://www.open.ac.uk/business-school/research/projects/delivering-benefits-information-systems-and-information-technology-investments-col Johnson Gerry, Whittington Richard and Scholes Kevan, 2011, Exploring Strategy, 9th edition, Prentice Hall: London Mote, C. D., 2011, Strategic Issues Facing Public Universities, University of Maryland, Retrieved on February 3, 2015, from https://www.aplu.org/NetCommunity/Document.Doc?id=2989 Sellgren Katherine, 2013, Universities face financial challenges ahead, BBC News, Retrieved on February 3, 2015, from https://www.bbc.com/ne ws/education-22765607 Universities UK, 2012, Futures for Higher education analyzing trends, Retrieved on February 3, 2015, from https://www.universitiesuk.ac.uk/highereducation/Documents/2012/FuturesForHigherEducation.pdf Ward John and Peppard Joe, 2002, Strategic Planning for Information Systems, 3rd edition, Wiley: London

For The Love Of The Game Essays (242 words) - Groupie,

For The Love Of The Game For the Love of the Game Movie Sam Raimi 1999 This movie is based on a story of man who has a passion for baseball and love for a woman. It shows the struggle between the two, b worthy. I can't be a groupie, Jane says this also expressing her insecurity of being worthy. So when your gone you do your thing and I do mine. None of this why didn't you call me bull *censored*, and no possessive crap. What you do is your business and vis-versa, and no obsessing, Jane says this not actually meaning it, but trying to sound strong. She does this trying to be the guy and seem to have no worries, when really she is wanting him to call. I'll call you back when I'm not pissed, this is Chapel talking to Jane when she refused to come down to see him for no apparent reason. He also was angered that she used the phrase about her not being a groupie. Clear the mechanism, this is what Chapel says to block out all the noise in the game and to focus on what he is doing. This can only end bloody for me, this is Jane talking to Chapel after she arrived at his place to visit and sees another woman in there with him half dressed. Is this not America..., this is Jane in a panic to get help? N. Films and Cinema

Program For Street Children Children And Young People Essay Essays

Program For Street Children Children And Young People Essay Essays Program For Street Children Children And Young People Essay Essay Program For Street Children Children And Young People Essay Essay In 2003, UNICEF estimated that there were at least a 100 million street kids in the universe and 11 million in India. But that informations may non be apocopate because of the Hidden kids . Whereas Indian embassy assessed 314,700 street kids in metropoliss like Bombay, Calcutta, Madras, Kanpur, Bangalore and Hyderabad and about 100,000 street kids in Delhi entirely itself. Government policy holding drawback that it works some clip really nice and some non good. Like in New Delhi in some instances authorities are active and making their occupation decently. They avail shelter for them and besides seeking to follow such sort of kids. But this non instance of all. The job is more critical with kids coming from outside and miss out in the metropolis or run off from there place. The job is more critical with kids when they are acquiring into the manus of agents. Cipher can command over that. Here the factors are every authorization in bounded in restriction like if the kid goes into the manus of agent even NGOs ca nt halt them and constabularies besides do nt seek much. In instance of NGO they are making good occupation that need to be appreciated but they are still non able to collar the needed population. Different NGO holding their different manner of working to back up the kids ; other manus they have besides restriction for illustration NGO like SATHI taking runaway kids to their shelter every bit good as they are assisting to put kids back to their place or for untraced reference to the authorities place. Different NGOs holding their manner of working, and likewise they are working harmonizing to their focal point. Because of that they are work outing job from one side but some portion remain unresolved. In fact run off kids is the broader term that needed more attempt to work out the job from both side policy degree attempt and grassroots level attempt ; from authorities, NGO and off class from the society. For illustration: SALAM BALAK TRUST NGO working for the street kids every bit good for platform kids. As per our observation every bit go od during visit of NGO we found that they are supplying shelter and instruction and some possible support to the platform kids. Decidedly something is better than nil so, they are back uping like they are reaching to the kids and doing available for them shelter to shelter to kip in dark and they are besides turn outing instruction. So, kids are day-to-day coming from platform remaining in dark and traveling back to the platform following twenty-four hours. Here the large job is they are back uping kids and they are become accustomed of their support like dark shelter and nutrient. But as usual NO organic structure is turning at platform except their age and after traversing the age of 18 they besides stop to supply support to them. These besides make so many kids aim less every bit good helpless. Exceptions are everyplace like from the aid of SALAM BALAK TRUST some kids are besides acquiring better life but they are really less. Another illustration is SATHI ; They are puting bac k kids to their place are untraced to authorities house as per their belief place is the best topographic point for the kids to turn. But when they are acquiring any run off or missed out kid they are often after acquiring entry at constabulary station and they are maintaining them in the office ( cum shelter ) and supplying the same nutrient topographic point for stay that SATHI staff have ; decidedly it need to be appreciate. SATHI have fundamentally job with household side of the kids. Like personally we realized that even they placed back the kids merely, is it the solution of the job? Apart from the household they do nt holding control over the new run-away kids. The concern here is yes it is true that household related job is different but that holding strong relation with blowout a kids and NGO working for run-away kids can non resuscitate it. Apart from that holding restriction like SATHI is non taking Children from platform after holding no topographic point at shelter. There are several ground to be street and leave their place like their emotional demand, hapless status of the household, job due to emphasize at place and at survey topographic point, maltreatment. In many instance they have psychological demand due to the emotional portion of the kid. So, concern here is NGO and straight on run away kid and turn outing them shelter, nutrient, instruction on the platform or on the possible topographic point and besides they are puting back kids to their place. After puting back kids job we ca nt state that solved in many instances. And this survey besides non explored much the household portion so job demands to look at from household side and emotional portion of a kid. From parent side need to decide the job as we discussed already, from their side needed to pass more clip for attention and altering their behaviour ; for that demand to take some enterprises. Harmonizing to the SATHI per twenty-four hours 30 kids an norm comes on New Delhi railroad station. Out of them merely approximately 50 % are arrested by NGOs, and GOs. Need to happen and set up mechanism to cover all the population. There are plentifulness of job existed in the street kids one of them is dependence of kids. Need appraisal The topic of street kids chiefly considered to be an urban job. In metropolis country kids can be found assorted topographic point without holding any shelter like in railroad Stationss, Bridgess, street, near temples, mosque, durgahs, markets, besides route, etc. these kids lives on street with their household, without households, and some comes for the nearest slum. They can be in a group or can be entirely. Even though in some of the instances parents are non populating with the kids but some of them has contact and some of them do nt. Chiefly the kids do nt hold contact with their household they may There is no certain significance of the street kids but population can be classs into wide classs. Harmonizing to UNICEF street kids fall under two classs: On the street and Of the street. Children of the street are stateless kids who live and sleep on the streets in urban countries. They are on their ain and do non hold any parental supervising or attention though some do unrecorded with other homeless grownups. Children on the street earn a support from street such as street urchins and mendicants. They return place at dark and have contact with their households. The differentiation is an of import 1 because kids of the street lack emotional and psychological support of a household. Children life in street holding different background, like different lodging type and different colony like migrators, nomads, tenants, homeless, route side inhabitants ; So what can be possibilities is really simple seems to think.. like anybody can state that people populating near route side holding no lasting house their kids can missed out or run off or may be the same possibilities for the life belongs to nomad households and besides may be one ground to holding non adequate topographic point in place to the members. As salam balak an NGO said Because of a deficiency of lasting shelter and the fact that the figure of street kids is non recorded in any national study or analyze street kids are frequently called the hidden kids . Being concealed, they are at a higher hazard to being maltreatment, exploited and neglected. Another group that is at hazard of stoping up on the street are migratory kids. Children come to metropoliss in hope of happening new occupations and chances for their households. Unfortunately increasing populations in the metropoliss, kids that come to the metropoliss face meager incomes, hapless lodging and normally end up on the street. The Indian embassy estimated 314,700 street kids in metropoliss like Bombay, Calcutta, Madras, Kanpur, Bangalore and Hyderabad and around 100,000 street kids in Delhi . It does nt do experience happy when crossed over a person/people those are kiping over the street. Probably you will experience bit defeated for the minute And it s usual to state sorry! And travel out from the topographic point most of people non caring for that except the few people as exclusion. So, why should we care? If person holding pattern to kiping on route or street any other public topographic points. And why should about we think about the homeless people those do nt hold any individuality? Why should we common people think about them? Even the powerful authorities does nt holding any specific plan for them? Decidedly people like us can non savor the world really easy because we are non stateless. But imagine the little clip period of your tuff life when you spend clip without any shelter to being homelessaˆÂ ¦ Imagine the ice chilling dark, temperature fluctuating over the nothing when you do nt hold sufficient fabric and you are traveling pass your dark in unfasten ed sky. After making full twenty-four hours difficult work with the tired organic structure people normally wants to travel back to their house but they ca nt. If we are sing the street people they have N figure of job for illustration Food, Health, Shelter, their Human rights etc. Food, fabric and shelter is the primary demand of the human being and its really hard to populate without it. Due to assorted sociological status of stateless people is worse in all over the universe ; fundamentally stateless people are existed all over the universe someplace less or someplace more. The present shelter available by both GO and NGO are non plenty to resuscitate the life of the kids it need to better. After the age of 14, kids need to give some kinds of skilled based preparation because from these age group kids are acquiring matured and traveling to some other topographic point for different activities. Besides they have another menace like after the age of 18 cipher will care about even NGO or Government. Besides after they can be punished by constabulary for their any offense that sometimes they are making on platform. So before making to that phase kids needed to supply some accomplishment or preparation for their hereafter. After puting place back the kids need to periodically support to forestall run off once more. Need to set up a squad so that they can cover the street kids every bit shortly as possible. Because after populating few twenty-four hours in street they may acquire accomplished because of bad company and wont. Vision Make a feasible environment for street kids to turn and develop from the grassroots degree, by extinguishing negative causes to a bright hereafter. Mission Make a feasible environment for street kids placed/provide them shelter whether in Government Homes, Institutions, to safeguard the child signifier negative impact. Supplying a better chance for his rights Supplying a healthy environment to turn and develop for his bright bearer. Programme and its Components The chief focal point of the programme is supplying place to the homeless kids and make a feasible environment for street kids to turn and develop from the grassroots degree, by extinguishing negative causes to a bright hereafter by turn outing accomplishment for employment. At the origin pilot stage was for the procedure of turn outing shelter. Subsequently based on the demand on the demand it graduated with the enlargement of the plan to supplying other demand for illustration survey installation during dark at the shelter. Some activity for their look, etc. There are following constituents are in this programme: Proving shelter Proving educational installation to the kids at the shelter Skill and making employment chance to the kids by the age of 18. Arranging activity, so for growing of their head Populating criterion additions Capturing the population to safe from other hazard like agents Stop the development Giving instruction and employment through that above 18 twelvemonth kids. Stakeholders of the programme: Street kids institutes Platform kids Government Polices With the aid of these stakeholders and delicate staff, we can accomplish our end for the benefit of the people. Equally far as the activity side is concern, the major activity is, do the trade stuff and sale in local, province, national and international market. Apart of the husbandmans groups are responsible to do the channel, to advance the sale of merchandise. Programme Approach: Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Time period 2 old ages 3 old ages 3.5 old ages Focus Reaching to the kids and turn outing shelter For the Sustainable in footings of finance ; giving accomplishment based instruction to the 18 above twelvemonth kids to run assorted little support activities like institutes, call Centre, package testing, etc. with understanding of following 6 twelvemonth Self-sustainable Coverage New Delhi metropolis country Expansion in other assorted portion of Delhi Expansion in other tube metropoliss Activities Reaching kids at street, platform, Michigans, etc. Supplying shelter, instruction and attention to below 18 kids and employment to above 18. Making institutes to bring forth income Out Puts Safeguarding them from assorted hazard Financial sustainable Self sustainable Logical model Intervention logic Objective verifiable Aim Meanss of Confirmation External factor Goal: Make a feasible environment for street kids to turn and develop from the grassroots degree, and prolong their calling through employment To prolong kids s life life on the street Primary informations from Office Aim: 1.Creating a environment for the street kids to safeguard from negative cause and turn in feasible environment 2. Self-sustaining their life through quipped with the accomplishment by the age of 18. Street kids safe from unsure circle and environment and got their topographic point to turn Street kids able to populate respectful life along with giving part to the society Feedback from mark group Newss in mass and media Target population may do job to follow the thought Agents, constabularies, political relations and may be funding makes job End product: A feasible environment for street kids to turn and develop from the grassroots degree, and sustained their calling through employment. No dependence or bad impact over the society.. Street kids got shelter Children got chance and other accomplishment Got employment preparation Employment to the kids through the support of authorities and assorted establishments Children may non go on after age of 18. Input signal: Huge sum 143.5 million 20 professional and 100 staffs More than 10 old ages clip Different centres at different location Net income and Loss A/C outgo Income outgo histories for the twelvemonth Budget Estimation ( In 1000000s ) Particulars 2011 2012 2013 2014 Food disbursals 5 6 6.5 7 Camp and activity 10 10 11 11 Affording house for institute 1 1 1 1 Staff wage 2 2 2 2 Electricity 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 Telephone disbursal 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 Logisticss 1 1 2 2 yoga and other event for kids 1 2 2 2 instruction and preparation to the kids 10 10 15 15 Entire 30.4 32.4 40.1 40.6 Staff construction and making Position Function Duty Programme leader Monitoring overall undertaking to accomplish end Monitoring and leading Undertaking Manager Pull offing the peculiar location Guaranting local of the mark group and the plan Outreach and shelter supervisor/in charge Staff direction for better satisfaction of the employee and mark group computing machine operator Data entry and certification Documentation Accountant To keep history To keep history Chartered comptroller Audit and budget Regulate history Training and placement staff Supplying preparation and arrangement Supplying preparation and employment chance to the grownup Program sustainability and manner frontward For the plan sustainability the necessary thing is to self-sustain financially. The population involves in the issue is really important as discussed above ca nt be clutch easy. The procedure with take clip. Hence kids in the or on the street is scenario of both developed and developing state. So, it will take clip to turn to it. Besides, for the sustainability of the of both organisation and mark population it necessary to travel some concrete program. The thought to give preparation to the kids by the age of 18 is chiefly due to sing this point. It can bring forth excess to the institute every bit good a bearer way to the kids. Children can run assorted sort of activity in the metro metropolis like call centre. May be for the intent they can take support of assorted establishments like authorities, funders, etc. In future they can expanse their ain running income bring forthing activity like call Centres, package testing, etc. besides they can maintain kids for age 24 ( following 6 twelvemonth after 18 ) so they can assist them to populate and settled their ain life. With the six twelvemonth experience they can besides acquire one time some majority sum, and other excess for the organisation. Decision Street kids in metropolis country can be found assorted topographic point without holding any shelter every bit good populating with unsecure life like in railroad Stationss, Bridgess, street, near temples, mosque, durgahs, markets, besides route, etc. these kids lives on street with their household, without households, and some comes for the nearest slum. The chief focal point of the programme is supplying place to the homeless kids and make a feasible environment for street kids to turn and develop from the grassroots degree, by extinguishing negative causes to a bright hereafter by turn outing attention and shelter during childhood and accomplishment for employment with maturity. At the origin pilot stage was for the procedure of turn outing shelter. Subsequently based on the demand on so it would graduate with the enlargement of the plan to supplying other demand for illustration survey installation during dark at the shelter accomplishment based preparation. The chief job with such sort of the institute is they care kids up to age 18 and once more they might be orphan. Besides, for the sustainability of the both organisation and mark population ; planned to give preparation to the kids by the age of 18 is chiefly due to sing this point. It can bring forth excess to the institute every bit good a bearer way to the kids. Children can run assorted sort of activity in the metro metropolis like call Centre, package proving unit. In future they can expanse their ain running income bring forthing similar activities. Organization would supply or can maintain kids for age 24 ( following 6 twelvemonth after 18 at work ) so they can assist them to populate and settled their ain life. With the six twelvemonth experience they can besides acquire one time some majority sum, and other excess for the organisation.

Bioterrorism Emergency Preparedness for Hospitals Research Paper

Bioterrorism Emergency Preparedness for Hospitals - Research Paper Example The choice of this mode of terrorism can be advocated the fact that the agents are not easily detected and in most cases, the symptoms are not seen until after several hours or days. Given the nature of bioterrorism and its effect to the public, there is a need for hospitals to come up with a measure that would make sure that they are ready for them at any time. In the United States of America, the agents that are perceived to pose potential to the health and safety of the general population are referred to as select agents. For the hospitals to promptly respond to bioterrorism whenever there take place there need to be proper planning on the things that should be done to either avoid the occurrence or respond to the occurrences. Most biological defense strategies were meant to protect people in the army and not the general population. However, it has been observed in the recent past that there is a need for there to be measures taken by hospitals to make sure that they are always pr epared for disasters that might arise from bioterrorism that might affect the general population in large masses. They need to be prepared for the occurrence of bioterrorism is enhanced by the ease of obtaining a bioterrorism agent. At the moment there is a need for there to be a detection system that will enable the healthcare sector to be able to detect such occurrences before they are spread to large masses. However, since the development of such a system cannot be said to have been successful, it is important for hospitals and the healthcare sector, in general, to make sure that they have in place some preparation for the occurrence of such calamities. One thing that hospitals should make sure that they do is training their personnel on how to handle the affected masses during the bioterrorism attacks.  

Analysis of Risks in Fund Investments with Focus on Mutual Funds Research Proposal

Analysis of Risks in Fund Investments with Focus on Mutual Funds - Research Proposal Example Fund investments are subject to the financial dynamics of the markets (particularly the capital markets). There are various ways of fund investment. In today’s global environment almost all fund investment strategies, even those related to the pension funds, are increasingly involving the stock markets. Since mutual fund investments are the most popular options of fund investments, there is the need to analyze the risks entailed in it, although mutual funds are based on diversified portfolio and professional management systems that aim at mitigating the risks.With the lapse of time, risks entailed in the mutual funds are surfacing (although mutual funds have always been regarded as safer options of fund investment). Over the period of investment, there are significant alterations in the risk levels associated with mutual funds. Risk shifting might be caused by ill-motivated trades of unskilled or agency-prone fund managers who trade to increase their personal compensation. Alt ernatively, risk shifting might occur when skilled fund managers trade to take advantage of their stock selection and timing abilities. Stock selection directly relates to the analysis and effects of market risks, while timing abilities relate to liquidity risk. Timely liquidation issues concerning mutual funds are an important consideration.In this context, a relative analysis with respect to hedge funds becomes significant. In this regard, changing market conditions, or in other words, market risks are again considered to be very relevant (Bollen and Whaley, 2009). In detailing the market risks, the factor of rise and fall of the stock prices manifests as equity risk. Impact of contractual incentives on delivering higher risk-adjusted returns has been researched by Massa

The Security payment in E- commerce Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Security payment in E- commerce - Essay Example Internet can be considered as one of the most revolutionary inventions of the last century [2]. It is used by different people for different reasons; some people use it to communicate with the other end of the world, some use it to increase their knowledge with the vast information available online [1]. Another area that has made a prominent name in the World Wide Web is E-commerce. E-commerce, which is the process of business transactions on the web; is preferred for its simplicity and ease [3]. However, one of the factors that cause a great degree of concern for customers and merchants is the level of security involved with these business transactions [4], [15]. The mode of payment in e-commerce transactions is through ‘credit cards’; which have established more opportunities for businessmen but at the same time introduced new problems in the whole process of selling goods. The fear of fraud in online business transactions keeps on increasing every year due to the increase in the respective crime [8], [39], [40]. According to National Consumers League statistics for the year 2007; millions of dollars were lost in e-shopping transactions and have exposed the weakness of the credit card payment system [5]. Credit card fraud and identity theft [11] are the two most prevalent security risks. In the past, many efforts have been done to secure online transactions and make this medium a trusting one. During such efforts, the protocol of Secure Electronic Transactions (SET) was developed to secure credit card information from several kinds of attacks present online [6]. Secure Socket Layer (SSL) also helps in providing a secure environment as it provides an encrypted medium to transfer credit card information [7]. The use of biometric has also been proposed by one of the researchers; this proved helpful to prevent identity theft and any false authorization regarding the credit card information. Numerous aspects have to be considered

Overview of Pediatrics Malignancies

Overview of Pediatrics Malignancies Muhammad Tahir Saleem I am rotated in the pediatric hematology and oncology ward for clinical practicum as part of the Masters of Nursing (MSc.N) program. Hematology is the branch of medicine that deals with the diseases and related to blood and its functional abnormalities including anemia, polycythemia and hemophilia and all bleeding disorders (Brunner and Suddarths, 2010). Oncology is the branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of the cancer in the body (Brunner and Suddarths, 2010). Since human body is composed of cells so the cancer originates from abnormally occurring cells in the body (Porth Matfin, 2009). There are many definition of the word cancer in medicine, but whatever the way of defining cancer is adopted, the definition should incorporate two properties: uncontrollable growth of cells originating from normal tissues, and property of killing of host by means of using components of surrounding tissues or by spreading to other organs (metastases) to other organ and sys tems of the human body (Itano Taoka, 2005). Some experts define cancer as the autonomous growth of the body cells that is unresponsive to the physiological growth-control mechanism of the body which is responsible for homogenous development of all body organs normally. Other have define cancer as a condition in which normally growing cells lose their structure, appearance and functioning (shoib book). The cells also lose their self-destructive ability (apoptosis) to die after certain period of time as they do normally (e.g. red blood cells die after 120 days) and the cells tend to live longer and at times become immortal and disturb the functions of other normal cells. There are certain terminologies that are frequently referred to the set of events occurred during the pathogenesis of cancer. These terminologies are dysplasia, metaplasia and anaplasia. Dysplasia is a disruption in the size, appearance, and arrangement of cells and tissues (Porth Matfin, 2009). Dysplasia is abnormal tissue development but not yet cancerous. Dysplastic changes frequently occur in the mucosal lining of the mouth, nose, intestine and cervix where the cells keep on going under cellular multiplication, differentiation, organization and replacement of new cells (Porth Matfin, 2009). The epithelial lining of elementary canal (mouth to anus) completely changes in three days. So it is the frequent site of papilloma formation as a result of dysplastic changes. The epithelial lining of the mouth of cervix also changes as a result of dysplastic changes due to human papilloma virus (Porth Matfin, 2009). Dysplasia is also present in chronic inflammatory and proliferative lesio ns, and it is recognized as part of a developmental phase of many cancers. Metaplasia is the substitution of one cell type with another cell type, for example in smokers ciliated columnar bronchial epithelium is replaced by non-ciliated squamous epithelium due to the constant exposure of smoke to the bronchus (Porth Matfin, 2009). Metaplasia is also considered as the developmental phase in many neoplasms. Anaplasia is the structural change and cellular appearance and inability to perform the normal functions of a cell. This stage of cellular changes is known as cancerous (Porth Matfin, 2009). Anaplastic cells resemble the undifferentiated primitive cells that have not developed specialized structure and functioning typical of their tissue of origin. In other words, the newly formed tissue from muscle cell or nerve cell, for example ,remain in the premature state as a result of anaplastic changes and do not perform its original functions. The degree of anaplasia may differ from one type of cancer cells to other type of cancers from poorly differentiated to undifferentiated cells; sometimes the tumor cells are so undifferentiated that it is not possible to decide the tissue from which the cancer cells are originated (Porth Matfin, 2009). Here, the terms hyperplasia and hypertrophy are worth mentioning. Hyperplasia and hypertrophy are normal physiological responses. Hyperplasia is defined as an increase in the cellular count in a tissue or organ causing an increase in the size of that organ, whereas hypertrophy is the increase in the size of cells not the number (Porth Matfin, 2009). Neither hypertrophy, nor the hyperplasia is the synonym of tumor growth. Hyperplasia is induced by know stimuli and it is a controlled process and it stops as the stimuli is removed. One example of stimuli induced hyperplasia is the increase in the size and number of cells of uterus in pregnancy under the influence estrogen for accommodation of developing embryo. The uterus comes to normal state after the stimuli of estrogen is gone after delivery. In addition, hyperplasia may also serve a useful role in the body, for example breast tissue undergoes hyperplastic changes after pregnancy for production of milk or re-forming the liver with structurally typical hepatocytes after partial hepatectomy. Abnormal cancerous development follows none of these usual physiological rules or purposes (Porth Matfin, 2009). However, cancerous cells may eventually employ the hyperplasia in its pathogenesis pathways. Because, hyperplasia and dysplasia often fall into the development of many tumors by months or years, timely identification and proper treatment at this early stage in the pathological process may help to prevent malignancies (Porth Matfin, 2009). For example, the Papanicolaou Smear (or pap smear) allows pathologists to distinguish between normal, dysplastic or cancerous cells. The pap-smear is a technique that allows early detection of the cervical cancer and it has enormously reduced the morbidity and mortality of cervical cancer. Pathologically, tumors can be classified into benign and malignant. The word benign means kind, gentle or caring and suggests that such tumor are harmless. These tumors are mostly encapsulated by well defined fibrous cover that separates the mass from surrounding tissues. A benign tumor, neither invade surrounding tissue nor metastasizes. These tumor exhibit lesser degree of anaplasia and grow slowly. Recurrence is very rare after surgical removal in benign tumors. The benign tumors are named by adding suffix -oma in the name of tissue they are originating in. For example, Lipoma, Adenoma, fibroma and papilloma are some of the example of adding suffix –oma in the type of origin of tumor (Itano Taoka, 2005). Whereas, malignant tumors usually infiltrate or invade surrounding tissues, these tumors are not encapsulated, genetically instable and with greater degree of anaplasia from the tissue of origin. They grow autonomously with no control of body homogenous development. The fo llowing table compares the properties of benign and malignant tumors (Itano Taoka, 2005). Difference Between Benign and Malignant Tumor Characteristic Benign Tumor Malignant Tumor Structure and differentiation Typical of tissue of origin Atypical of tissue origin Rate of growth Usually slow May be slow, rapid, very rapid Progression Slowly progressive (may remain stationary; may regress): rarely fatal if treated Usually progressive, almost always fatal if untreated Mode of growth Expansion with capsule Local infiltration and/or metastasis to distant sites Tissue destruction None Common, ulceration and necrosis Recurrence Rare Common Prognosis Fatal only if surgically inaccessible Fatal if uncontrolled (untreated) Core Curriculum of Oncology Nursing. St. Louis, Messori: Elsevier; 2005 Cancer can also be characterized in two types on the basis of structure, solid tumor and cancer of the blood. Cancer of the blood and lymphatic systems are mostly leukemia and lymphomas, where as solid tumors are originating in the organ like central nervous system, kidneys, eyes, bones and in soft tissues. Childhood malignancies mostly originate in blood, bone marrow and in lymphatic systems. Cancer of genitourinary system, respiratory system, and caner of digestive system are rare in children as the statistics furnished by the cancer research organization UK, 2012 (www.cancerresearch.org). The incidence chart of the childhood cancers is as follows: The incidence chart of the childhood cancers Cancer Type Incidence Leukemia 34% CNS tumors 23% Lymphoma 11% Neuroblastoma 6% Renal tumor (e.g. Wilm’s tumor) 6% Soft tissue sarcomas 6% Bone tumors 5% Retinoblastoma 3% Epithelial neoplasms 3% Germ cell tumors 2% Liver Tumors 1% Oxford handbook of Pediatric hematology and oncology, 2010. A brief description of pediatric cancers is given below. Leukemia Leukemia is the cancer that affects the cell lining of white blood cells. White blood cells are of tow type; granulocytes (Lymphoid cell) and agranulocytes (Myeloid cell). Lymphoid cells are further subdivided in B-cell Lymphocytes and T-Cell Lymphocytes, whereas, myeloid cells are of three types, Neutrophils, Basophils and Eosinophil (Porth Matfin, 2009). Leukemia is further sub divided into acute and chronic; acute leukemia are termed when the anaplastic changes occurred in the pre matured leukocytes that has just transformed from the stem cells in the bone marrow, whereas, chromic leukemias’ are termed when the anaplastic changes occur in more matured stage or adult leukocytes. The four types of leukemias are as follows Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Acute Myeloid Leukemia Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia accounts for 80-90% among all types of leukemia in childhood. AML accounts for 15% and CML 5% (Itano Taoka, 2005). Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is further subdivided incidence wise according to cell linage involved as elaborated by Moore and Hurvitz (2008). Pre B-cell 70% T-Cell 15-25% B-Cell 15% Treatment of acute leukemia involves induction for complete remission, followed by intensification and maintenance therapy. Prophylaxis to the CNS is done by Intra-thecal (IT) chemo administration. Standard treatment for ALL leads to long term remission in more than 85% of cases. Induction therapy employs Vincristine, Prednisone, and L-Asparagenase +/- Danurubicin (depending upon risk satisfaction) Intensification; all induction medicine with the inclusion of CNS prophylaxis Maintenance therapy includes oral Mercaptopurin (6MP) with methotrexate (MTX) weekly for two to three years Many patients in the chemo-pediatrics receive monthly intra-thecal (IT) pulses of Vincristine with prednisolone/dexa as part of maintenance. One or two cycles of a re-induction regimen were often added but not in contemporary practice (Moore Hurvitz, 2008). Good prognostic factors for ALL: WBC Bad Prognostic factors for ALL: WBC>50,000/uL, age10years, Other poor prognostic factors are massive organomegaly, CNS involvement at diagnosis, medaistinal mass and failure to achieve remission by day 14 to 28 of induction, with presence of Philadelphia chromosome. Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) AML requires intensive chemotherapy followed by hemotopotic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) hematopoietic stem cell transplantation if a suitable matched related donor is available. Five years survivals for these patients are more than 85% with good prognosis (Bailey Skinner, 2010). Lymphomas Hodgkin and Non Hodgkin Lymphomas: Lymphomas are the tumor of lymphocytes (B T cells) that originate in the lymph tissue that is fixed to organs and lymph nodes not in peripheral circulation. As in the case of leukemias, lymphomas also involved both B-cell and T-cell lymphocytes but they are confined to the lymph nodes or other lymphatic organs not the peripheral blood. They typically presents with a solid mass in a lymph node, spleen, bone marrow and in any organ. Other than lymph tissue, they may present in tonsils, skin, brain, bowel and bone. Lymphomas are closely related to lymphoid leukemias that involves the circulating lymphatic cells. Lymphomas are better controlled by treating with chemotherapy. Five years survivals for these pediatric lymphoma patients are more than 90% with good prognosis (Itano Taoka, 2005). Brain tumors These are of four types, depending upon the type of cells from where the tumor is initiating. Gliomas, Appendimomas, Meduloblastomas, and Schewanomas are some of the types of central nervous system tumors (CNS). Some CNS tumors are associated with high mortality and respond poorly chemo. Cranio-spinal radiation is often employed as part of the treatment regimen for older kids but radiation is deferred in children age less than 3 years due to the chance of fibrosis of growing skull bones and vertebral bones; however radiation is avoided in most of the younger children (Bailey Skinner, 2010). Tumor of the renal system Wilm’s tumor is tumor of renal system. Histological name of the cancer is nephroblastoma. It needs radiation and chemo both for the eradication of disease. Size of the tumor is reduced by using chemo and radiation. After the shrinkage of renal tumor, surgery proved to be beneficial. Three years survival is 75% in patients of nephroblastoma (Bailey Skinner, 2010). Soft tissue tumors Soft tissue tumors originate from connective tissue of cartilage and bone forming fibrous tissue, smooth muscles, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, fat tissue, synovial tissue, and peripheral nerves. The most common type of soft tissue tumor in childhood is rhebdomysarcoma. Rhabdomyosarcoma: It originates form the striated muscle tissue. It most commonly originates in head and neck area. Only 15% presents outside of the head and neck region. It is treated with chemo and radiation therapy. The prognosis of this cancer is good if treatment is started at early stage (Bailey Skinner, 2010). Retinoblastoma Retina is nervous tissue. Retina is only neuronal tissue that is visible through the naked eye. The tumor that arises from it also primitive neuronal ectodermic stem cells that were remain undifferentiated in fetal life and present like tumor in the very first years of life. Most patient get die due to extension of these neuronal tumors to CNS through optic nerve. In localized tumor survival is 100% but in metastatic tumor the survival ratio decrease. As described by Bailey and Skinner, (2010) many chemotherapeutic agents are used in treatment of retinoblastoma e.g. Vincristine, Actinomycin D, cyclopahsmamide, and doxorubicin. Germ Cell Tumors This tumor arises from primitive stem cells of the fetal life that remained immature during fetal development and were not able to fully develop (differentiate) to mature cells of the organs. Human embryo develops from the three layers of the germ cells. These layers are ectoderm (outermost), mesoderm (middle layer) and endoderm (innermost). Ectoderm develops into skin, sweat glands and nervous system, mesoderm develop into bones flesh, blood vessels and lymphoid tissue whereas, endoderm develop into genitourinary, gastrointestinal and respiratory system. Germ cell tumor arises from the immature stem cells that were left undifferentiated in the fetal life. This tumor has good prognosis in early diagnosis (Langhorne, Fulton Otto, 2007). The rotation in pediatric oncology ward is challenging as well as exciting. The nurses here have to be extra conscious about all care related issues. Building rapport with the children is paramount to the effective nursing care of them. Childhood cancers are rare but children diagnosed with cancer may develop subtle anti social behavior during the long term therapy of the disease. This makes nurses to be equipped with extra psychosocial adaptation with children. As chemotherapy is widely used as the treatment modality besides surgery and radiation therapy, hence, pediatric population is vulnerable more than the adult in developing disease/treatment related debilitating symptoms like febrile neutropenia and tumor lysis syndrome . Parents’ education is paramount in adhering to the treatment regimen and prevention of nutropenia. Many patients came in pediatric oncology ward for port-a-cath needle insertion and dressing of PICC line. Nurses are meticulously involved in caring abou t the patients. Helping the physician in safely administration of intrathecal medication (IT) is also the job of nurses. The rotation bringing new horizons of learning and I am learning a lot about pediatric cancer care a lot. Reference: Moore, T.B. Hurvitz, C.G.H. (2008). In Cassiato,D.A. Territo, M.C. (2008). Manual of clinical oncology. 6th Ede. Philadelphia: LWW. Ch 18. Pp 397-408. Childhood cancer incidence: Retrieved from: http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/cancer-info/cancerstats/childhoodcancer/ Site last updated 14/11/2012. Bailey.S, Skinner, R.(2010).Oxford specialist handbook of pediatric hematology and oncology. Oxford university press. Porth, C.M, Matfin, G., (2009). Pathophysiology concept of altered health. Ed 8th. Philadelphia: LWW. Ch 5. Pp. 95-98. Langhorne, M.E, Fulton, J.S, Otto, S.E., (2007). Oncology Nursing. Ed 5th. St Louis, Messori: Mosbay. Ch3. P3. Itano, J. K, Taoka, K. N. (2005). Core Curriculum of Oncology Nursing. St. Louis, Messori: Elsevier. Ch 20. Pp 443.

Fashionably Loud :: essays research papers

Do you choose what you wear or does the media choose it for you? I am one of the million Americans who struggle with keeping up with the new trends of the season. The media works their hardest to try to persuade us into buying new things for our home, work, and family. The media today is the largest advertisements money can buy and many large companies spend millions of dollars for a one-minute commercial on one of the major stations. Television and Magazine elaborate not only on what to wear and when to wear it but also on what others are wearing such as movie stars, models, music artists.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Television, one of the largest media world, gives us the â€Å"gossip† on who is wearing what and what is fashionable for the season. Television shows like Entertainment Tonight, The National Inquirer TV, and Fashion TV are few of the shows that give us information on new trends for all different types of people and in all different countries. Television commercials give us the backbone we need to fall into all the schemes for selling. Designers such as Calvin Klein, Levi’s and many others try to catch our eye with their cool and crazy commercials. Television influences the way we shop. It accents to each and every one of our wardrobes with telling us what is hot and what is not. Teenagers, especially, give a lot of their attention to these television programs and try to be just like the models on the runway. The commercials try to target the younger generation because they will have them in the palm of their hands for the rest of their lives. Also t hey are easily influenced by Television with the billions of dollars spent on advertisements they have them trapped. Hearing all this, the way these television programs have influence my life is that I love to be in style, as they say. I love to keep up with all the new trends of the season. Since I was a little girl I always had someone to look up to considering my sister was eight years older than I was, I found myself always wanting to be older and always wanting to look and dress just like her and her friends. Also I used to watch all those shows that had to do with modeling and clothing, another example of these shows is House of Style that used to air on MTV.

Argument for the Use of Consensual Relationship Agreements (Cras) Essay

Argument for the use of consensual relationship agreements (CRAs) in my current (or future) workplace Consensual Relationship Agreement (CRA) is a contract that both employees involved a romantic relationship sign to acknowledge that their relationship is voluntary and that they will abide by the policies of the company regarding anti-harassment and anti-discrimination. (Hellriegel & Slocum ,2011). Office romance should be addressed in a more constructive and professional way just like behaviors such as attendance, dress codes, and non-disclosure agreements. If one can argue that it is perfectly acceptable for employees with personal challenges (such as death in the family, childbirth, sick family member) to receive assistance and, support in the form of personal time-off from work then it must be reasonable for other employees who become romantically involved to get some type of support from their employers. The risks of office romance can better be mitigated if the risk factors are known and managed. So, for example, lawsuits from employees who claim they were coerced into an office romance and disadvantaged by it would be avoided because employees signed the CRAs of their own volition. Allegations from other employees of real or imagined favoritism from a supervisor to a subordinate with whom he or she is romantically involved would be averted because HR would have already taken steps to ensure this does not happen. By creating a mechanism which provides specific and detailed guidelines for professional workplace behavior, HR professionals are able to educate and caution employees about appropriate or inappropriate workplace etiquettes. Privacy issues or lack thereof, as related to dating in the workplace would also be appropriately addressed with the employees involved so they cannot claim that were unfairly treated. Another compelling reason why one should argue for CRAs in their workplaces is that in light of the legal ramifications of the rights of employees in the workplace, CRAs become an expedient and prudent way to protect the interest of an organization and simultaneously provide safe and meaningful ways for employees to freely explore and express their sentiments for others who might feel the same way. Organizations spend a lot of time and resources on strategic planning and forecasting. The purpose of such planning is to position the organization to accomplish two major goals: stay abreast with, or ahead of, the competitive marketplace and change current processes and approaches that are not yielding desired, or expected results. These are proactive steps to assure progress and success. CRAs facilitate and enhance such strategic plans by staying ahead of a changing workplace in the modern age and ensuring that valuable human resources will not be lost and thereby jeopardize more important organizational goals and objectives. CRAs provide a framework for responsible behavior by employees, particularly, supervisors. It fosters a win-win work environment for employees who happen to be romantically involved with each other and for employers to provide guidance and direction for appropriate workplace behavioral expectations. By bringing the relationship into the open the employees involved would not feel pressure to go to great lengths to hide their relationship and could focus on being productive. Conversely, these employees would become pre-occupied with finding ways to hide their relationships if the company did not encourage workplace romance. Create a counter argument against the use of CRAs in your current (or future) workplace. Office romance must be forbidden in the workplace because it simply raises too many avoidable issues in the workplace. By its very nature, office romance predisposes employees involved to compromise their rational objective behaviors because their non-objective emotional senses tend to dominate their thoughts and actions. Romantic relationships are the result of spontaneous human behavior; they are not preconceived and therefore cannot be regulated or contained by contracts. Making CRAs a condition for employment is also not a good idea because, over time, the restrictions become unbearable and the parties involved find out that they are better off in different organizations where their actions and whereabouts will no longer be scrutinized by an assigned HR person. CRAs are tantamount to indirect employment agreement in that they indirectly impose restrictions on the individuals involved in the relationship and seek to protect the interest of the organization at the expense of the people who happen to be emotionally attracted to each other and choose to express those sentiments in an open and liberating way. CRAs simply become ineffective tools because the employees who even agree to sign them often find ways to secretly engage in behaviors that result in lapses in judgment because they are emotionally charged. In many respects, CRAs are intrusive and inherently designed to discourage workplace romance. By their very nature they put restrictions on a human behavior that is designed to be spontaneous and natural. Organizations are not equipped to handle issues of the heart and neither should they start now. Organizations need to focus on what they do best, increasing shareholder value and accomplishing other strategic goals and objectives. Discuss the ethical principles involved in the use of CRAs. There are many perspectives and convictions about what is, or is not ethical. However, there are no universally accepted principles and rules for resolving all ethical issues (Hellriegel & Slocum ,2011). In a country with such great freedom of expression, one can only imagine the diversity of opinions and positions regarding the factors that drive people’s decisions and formulate their ethics. The range of such factors is as wide as the differences in people and this is reflected in the diversity of ethical principles. However, for the purposes of this paper only a handful of relevant ethics based principles – Utilitarian, Professional Standards, Disclosure and Distributive principles will be considered: Utilitarian principle focuses on the magnitude, extent and impact of harm versus good of decisions that are made. The final decision is predicated on the weight of good versus bad – the greatest good for the greatest number (Hellriegel & Slocum , 2011). On the basis of this principle, CRAs are believed to generate more good than harm for those who choose to engage in office romance. Disclosure Principle – This principle focuses on how most people in society will react to the details of a decision when it becomes public knowledge. Most organizations take social responsibility very seriously and will do their very best to garner positive public image. Consequently CRAs are viewed favorably by such organizations. Distributive Principle – This principle is predicated on fairness. The thrust of CRAs is a win-win arrangement for both the organization and the individual because most organizations generally perceive CRAs to be fair. Create at least one (1) other option besides CRAs that would address workplace romances. The only other option for workplace romances that may be plausible is for the organization to develop a set of policies based on the organization interest principle which focuses on the basis of what is good for the organization (Hellriegel & Slocum , 2011). With this option, employees are expected to disclose any potential or actual conflict interest to the human resource professional within the organization. Conflict of interest covers a broad range of behaviors; however, this paper will focus on personal conflict of interest which stresses zero tolerance for discrimination and sexual harassment. This alternative approach to workplace romances would requires that an employee may not supervise someone with whom they have a close personal relationship such as anyone in their family, household or someone with whom they have or had a romantic relationship or other close personal relationship. Additionally, if one were to supervise someone even indirectly with whom they had one of the relationships described above, one must disclose the relationship promptly. Any acts of discrimination, sexual harassment or other harassment based on race, color, religion, age, gender, sexual orientation would be addressed under a zero tolerance policy.

Mass Shootings and Related Issues of Race and Gender

Mass Shootings and Related Issues of Race and Gender â€Å"Sick,† â€Å"twisted,† â€Å"disturbed,† â€Å"psychotic,† â€Å"mentally ill,† â€Å"psychopath,† â€Å"acted alone.† These words  are familiar to anyone who pays attention to news accounts of mass shootings carried out by white males over the last three decades. Trouble is, none of these guys- Eliot Rodger, Adam Lanza, James Holmes, Jared Loughner, Anders Breivik in Norway, among others- really acted alone. While news accounts typically frame mass shootings by white males as the work of  deranged individuals, the actions of these  men and boys are expressive of widely held patriarchal and white supremacist beliefs. They are the manifestation of  a sick society. The  shooters who left digital trails have made it clear that their actions were prompted by their perceived loss of power and status in society. They felt slighted by women who do not obey them and their desires, by people of color and queer folks who have fought for, earned, and defended their civil rights, and by a society that doesn’t afford them the respect and place they believe they deserve by accident of their race and gender. They are the product of a changed and ever-changing social context in which historic forms of power and domination are being slowly but loudly destabilized, and of a society that socializes them to believe that this is wrong, and that they deserve to be in positions of power. Demographic Shifts in the U.S. and Anomie Among White Men​ Writing in 1897, sociologist Émile Durkheim popularized a theoretical concept that can be  usefully applied to understanding how this perceived problem of individuals is actually a social problem. Anomie, Durkheim explained, is a condition that results when the values and expectations of an individual do not match those that predominate in society. When an individual experiences anomie, they feel disconnected from their society; they feel destabilized. Anomie, per Durkheim, is a state of social derangement. Applying the theory of anomie to the phenomenon of white male shooters throws into relief the conditions of social derangement experienced by boys and men who take such action. White males, especially those with economic privilege relative to others, have historically lived at the top of the power hierarchy in the United States. They hold power in terms of their gender, their race, sometimes their class, and often, their sexuality. But, in today’s social context in which patriarchy, heteronormativity, white supremacy, and economic power have been destabilized by various social movements, legislation, and paradigm shifts in popular consciousness, their power over others is waning. With it, so too is their historically unjustly inflated social status. The Violent Death Grip of Patriarchy and White Supremacy This is not to say that patriarchy, heteronormativity, white supremacy, and economic control by white men are things of the past. These forms of domination live today in a wide variety of attitudes, values, beliefs, and practices. The actions of white male shooters make it fatally clear that the ideologies that undergird these forms of oppression are not only alive, but thriving today. They are expressed in their most overt and terrifying forms in the Youtube videos, chat logs, conversations, and manifestos of Anders Breivik, Elliot Rodger, and Jared Loughner, among others. They were expressed with violence and hatred in a rash of hate crimes against women, people of color, LGBT people, and immigrants following the 2016 presidential election. In this social context of anomie, shooting others is a desperate attempt to reclaim norms lost. It is an assertion of power that has been destabilized by the changing nature of society, its norms, and its values. Yet, the actions of white male shooters are couched within the larger social problem of a troubled masculinity that transcends race. Viewed through a wider lens, the connections between shootings perpetrated by white males and other forms of violent masculine expression, like street harassment, gendered and sexualized violence, hate crimes, gang violence, and white separatist and nationalist movements become clear. Society Needs Masculinity Rooted in Respect and Care for Others A social problem like this requires a social solution. Background checks and reforms to gun laws might reduce gun violence, but they will not stop other forms of violence that stem from a social sickness. Alleviating the social sickness of racism, and the gendered and heterosexist norms of patriarchy  is work that must be done collectively by all of us. We, as a society, must reconfigure what masculinity means, and cast off the dangerous values and expectations that we socialize boys to hold and express in their behavior. Curing this social sickness requires a new masculinity detached from notions of superiority, dominance, control, and compliance of others. It requires what the writers at Rad Dad advocate for in their call for a Feminist Fathers’ Day: a masculinity premised on respect and care for others.

Failed Product

Failed Product Introduction Analysis of the history of corporations highlights the presence of products introduced in the market, which are discredited by the clientele. This makes it fundamental to phase out the product from the corporation’s product line. The following piece identifies a failed product, describes its tendencies and deduces the reasons for failure. Finally, it presents recommendations that the company ought to embrace through implementing diverse change initiatives.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Failed Product specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Identification and description of failed product A case of a failed product incorporates McDonald’s Arch Deluxe, which was launched in 1996. It is a sophisticated burger, which seeks to cater for an adult audience with its different ingredients (Kincheloe, 2002). The Arch Deluxe has a soft buttery bun on top, which is above the mustard. It equally encompasses the mayonnaise sauce followed by two â€Å"fresh lettuce leaves and slivered Spanish onions† (Kincheloe, 2002). After that, there is smocked bacon above the ripe tomato slice and a slice of American cheese. The sandwiching process encompasses the above constituents, cooked beef and fancy tomato ketchup. Why company and product failed According to Rogers (1995), the five stages critical in a product’s development incorporate, â€Å"knowledge, persuasion, decision, implementation and confirmation†. He argues that the tipping point originates from diffusion theory, which is a set of generalizations that aid the spread of innovations within a social change process. Further, there are suggestions that the masses often oppose change meaning that companies should prepare for resistance and the means of addressing them upon the introduction of a new product. In the knowledge stage, individuals learned about the new idea. There was a need to embrace longer life expectanc ies and cater for an old market. The feeling that the company’s focus was on children alone, made a significant contribution to the creation of the idea. The presence of the adult market encouraged McDonald’s company to introduce a new range of burgers; thus, initiating the identification process. There was the creation of a new line of sandwiches instead of changing the menu. The creation entailed extra funds to make the idea a success. Before introducing the sandwiches, the adult market was not consulted to determine the reception of the arc deluxe burger (Kincheloe, 2002). Finally, the burger recorded some of the poorest sales in history, attributable to the mentioned reasons. The persuasion stage involves forming opinions and attitudes about new ideas developed in the first stage. The company engaged its staff to envision the formed idea. As such, McDonald formed a favorable attitude and tasked its executive top chef Andrew Selvaggo to create the designed burger. T he created burger was so big that it stood out. However, it failed since people noticed that it had many calories, which could be harmful to their health.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Individuals engage in activities that suggest their adoption of the idea under the decision stage. The company’s management made a choice to address an adult oriented market. The launch of the deluxe arch burger saw the company spend $100 million on the advert that Fallon McElligolt, a Minneapolis advertising agent initiated. This adoption of the burger idea is among the most expensive campaigns in history. However, the expensive advert turned off customers who termed it unconventional. Instead of concentrating on food quality in the advert, it featured young children complaining about the burger. The children discouraged sales of the burger because people are not used to su ch adverts. They refer to it as a rebel advert, which introduces negativity of the company’s products. The implementation stage involves individuals putting new ideas to use. Lastly, there is gathering of positive feedback about ideas and reversing previous decisions based on negative feedback. After the negative feedback from the adult market, the burger was gradually eliminated from the American market. High prices and caloric contents of the burger contributed to the flop of the product because most people care about their health. Recommendation In order to make positive change, the company ought to have enhanced the following ideologies. It should have tasked a professional team to research on market aspects to curb possible flopping of the product. As such, McDonald’s should have engaged in an extensive market investigation. This would enable the company determine if the adult marketplace would embrace the Arch Deluxe Burger idea. In the research, the discovery th at adults considered the burger unhealthy would have been evident. A different low calorie burger that could draw little resistant ought to have been created. In addition, the commercials should have avoided using children because the target group was adults. Rogers’s theory argues that an innovation ought to be introduced to individuals who easily use an invention to offer positive reactions. Adults enjoying the deluxe burger would be an appropriate model for the advert. This would ensure positive reaction to early adopters of the new burger. According to Haig (2011), management in companies should be aware that people do not always embrace change. Additionally, there must be appropriate channels to introduce change in organizations. It is difficult for people to accept innovations, so McDonald needed to learn how to introduce the new burgers in the market. People should have been prepared early for the launch of the burger. As such, they would not complain so much on the ch anges made on the burger. Prices of commodities must always be fair if they are to register sales in any market because people will always resist high prices. McDonald’s company ought to set a convenient price for the burger for it to sell. A lower introductory price would sell the â€Å"Arch Deluxe Burger† because people would be enthusiastic to try something new at an affordable price. Indeed, no one would complain of high prices.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Failed Product specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More When founding and implementing new ideas like the â€Å"Arch Deluxe Burger†, consultation with individuals who command the food industry must exist. An individual whose opinion on food is highly regarded is more appropriate in the burger advertisement instead of complaining children. Furthermore, hiring nutritionists to give facts on healthy eating thus propose the burger to adults who wa nted to eat healthy leads to high sales. McDonald’s would register more sales because people would be convinced that the burger was healthy. Conclusion According to Wallach (1995), managers must never think for their clients or forcefully impose changes. Instead, customers should establish their preference through selected media. Improper decisions and lack of proper research have facilitated the failure of products that were highly anticipated. McDonalds made this mistake with their highly publicized â€Å"Arch Deluxe burger† that became a major flop. There was an assumption by MacDonald’s management that grown people would embrace the adult burger. This incensed the public making them reject their productions thus causing embarrassment. Companies should properly evaluate a product or innovation before releasing it for purchase. Poorly researched products can have negative repercussions on the clientele and encourage lawsuits that may be expensive. Therefore, i t is prudent for corporations to introduce quality products to their customers. References Haig, M. (2011).Brand Failures: The Truth about the 100 Biggest Branding Mistakes of  All Time. London, LDN: Kogan Page Publishers Kincheloe, L. (2002). The sign of the burger: McDonalds and the culture of power. Pennsylvania, PA: Temple University Press Rogers, M. (1995). Diffusion of innovations, New York, NY: The Free Press. Wallach, B. (2005). Understanding the cultural landscape. New York, NY: Guilford Press.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More

Physics134 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Physics134 - Coursework Example The Ministry in charge of energy conservation established standards of energy consumption for the sector. The Chinese government has also established fees and tax rebate system for low energy buildings to encourage constructions. Under the feebate system, one either pays a fee or receives a rebate when one connects to electric system or gas. The amount received or paid relies on the size of the subscription of the efficiency of the building. Efficient buildings receive a rebate while inefficient buildings pay a fee. The system is politically attractive and cost neutral. This model is workable for the United States, and can help in conserving energy in the construction sector. it is a desirable approach for the United States due to the energy conservation benefits, its political desirability, and cost neutrality. The Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) improves cars’ average fuel economy. It has been a successful program to a greater extent because some of its auto manufacturing set goals has been met. CAF has managed to regulate fuel economy with its strict fuel economy standards. The major purpose of CAF is to reduce consumption of energy through increasing the cars’ fuel economy. CAF in collaboration with NHTSA improves the country’s energy security. Compared to a tax added gasoline purchased at the pump, CAF standards are still effective. This is because the fuel economy rises as CAF standards increase. However, using tax added gasoline purchased at the pump would mean that the prices of gasoline increase. This will, in the long-run, increase the average fuel economy of the passenger car fleet. Due to the energy consumption, the increasing fuel economy would drive the gasoline price down. Therefore, CAF standards prevail over tax added gasoline purchased at the pumps. CAFÉ standards, Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corporate_Average_Fuel_Economy http://www.nytimes.com/2011/07/04/business/energy-environment/04mileage.html